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Â鶹´«Ã½ Researchers to Build Cyberinfrastructure to Simulate and Predict Wildfires

Image of the Chariot Fire on July 8, 2013. The blaze scorched more than 7,000 acres near Mt. Laguna, east of San Diego. Image courtesy of HPWREN/Â鶹´«Ã½

San Diego, Calif., Sept. 26, 2013 --Three research organizations at the University of California, San Diego, have been awarded a multi-year National Science Foundation grant to build an end-to-end cyberinfrastructure that will  assess, simulate, predict and visualize wildfire behavior based on real-time data.

The project, called WIFIRE, kicks off Oct. 1 and is funded under a three-year grant worth approximately $2.65 million. Participants include researchers from the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Â鶹´«Ã½, the San Diego Supercomputer Center and the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology’s (Calit2) Qualcomm Institute. Also participating in the project is the University of Maryland’s Department of Fire Protection Engineering.

Networked weather stations that currently monitor wind speeds, temperature and humidity provide extremely valuable information on the potential risk of a wildfire. The WIFIRE cyberinfrastructure will use this networked environmental data to monitor and predict a wildfire’s dynamic behavior.

The products of WIFIRE will be initially disseminated to project collaborators, including CAL FIRE, the U.S. Forest Service, and SDG&E, covering academic, private and government laboratories while providing value to emergency officials and first-responders, and in turn the general public. WIFIRE will be available for use by government agencies in the future to save lives and property during wildfire events, test the effectiveness of response and evacuation scenarios before they occur, and assess the effectiveness of high-density sensor networks in improving fire and weather predictions.

According to Larry Smarr, founding director of Calit2 and a professor of computer science and engineering, the WIFIRE grant is the next logical progression for Calit2 and its partners in the fight against wildfires. “We are all based in southern California and wildfires represent one of the most intractable environmental threats we face on a regular basis,” said Smarr. “Calit2 has helped deploy cyberinfrastructures to benefit other communities of researchers and first responders, so I am convinced that the technology we deploy for WIFIRE will make a substantial difference in our ability to detect, track and respond to wildfires going forward.” 

The WIFIRE CI (cyberinfrastructure) will support an integrated system for wildfire analysis, with a focus on changing urban dynamics and climate. The system also will integrate networked observations such as heterogeneous satellite data and real-time remote sensor data, with computational techniques in signal processing, visualization, modeling and data assimilation to provide a scalable method to monitor such phenomena as weather patterns that can help predict a wildfire's rate of spread.

“Real-time measurements on the areal location of a wildfire and current wind speeds can be combined with topography information to estimate and update information on fuel content and the rate of spread (ROS) of the wildfire,” said Raymond de Callafon, a WIFIRE co-PI, director of the System Identification and Control Laboratory at Â鶹´«Ã½ and mechanical engineering professor. “Monitoring and predicting the ROS is possible by combining signal processing, parameter estimation and dynamic wildfire models to update the state of the wildfire in real time. WIFIRE combines the unique research expertise on signal processing and parameter estimation at MAE with wildfire modeling and state estimation at the University of Maryland’s Department of Fire Protection Engineering.”

The WIFIRE CI will encompass the remote sensor network that is currently part of the High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network (HPWREN) project started at SDSC under NSF funding in 2000. HPWREN director and co-founder Hans-Werner Braun is a co-PI of WIFIRE, in addition to Smarr and de Callafon.

Integrated real-time data processing and programming environment in WIFIRE for monitoring, modeling and prediction of wildfire spread.  Image: Ilkay Altintas, Daniel Crawl, SDSC.

According to Larry Smarr, founding director of Calit2 and a professor of computer science and engineering, the WIFIRE grant is According to Larry Smarr, founding director of Calit2 and a professor of computer science and engineering, the WIFIRE grant is “San Diego County is already well positioned to monitor and analyze these dynamics through sensors within and outside of our research networks,” said Braun, who has been working with industry and government officials to expand the Area Situational Awareness for Public Safety Network (ASAPnet), a grid of high-speed, wireless communications connecting 60 backcountry fire stations in the region. “We have been collecting environmental data for more than 10 years through HPWREN, merging large volumes of data and computational models into sophisticated visualizations, and have forged new networks through our government and industry partners such as CAL FIRE, the U.S. Forest Service, San Diego Gas & Electric and the San Diego County Emergency Operations Center to direct and share our research.” 

“WIFIRE will be to users with different skill levels using specialized web interfaces and user-specified alerts for environmental events broadcasted to receivers before, during and after a wildfire,” said Ilkay Altintas, principal investigator for the WIFIRE project. “This approach allows many sensors to be subjected to user-specified data processing algorithms to generate threshold alerts within seconds. Integration of this sensor data into both rapidly available fire image data and models will better enable situational awareness, responses and decision support at local, state, national and international levels.”

“The results and findings of WIFIRE will advance the understanding of the fundamental processes that influence wildfire hazards, and will be transferable to other national and global regions where wildfires occur frequently,” said Altintas, who is also SDSC’s deputy coordinator for research and director of the center’s Scientific Workflow Automation Technologies laboratory. “Proposed solutions will be readily available and transferablethrough the open-source Kepler workflows and web servers, as Â鶹´«Ã½ has done for data sharing during past disasters such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake and the 2011 tsunami and earthquake in Japan.”

Additionally, WIFIRE’s open-source CI environment and intuitive workflows that lead to reusable software components for a wide range of science and engineering disciplines can be extended to the education community. “This will make it possible for students from the high school to graduate level to participate in uploading their own data logging, data processing or data-driven alerts,” said Altintas.

The WIFIRE project is funded under NSF award no. 1331615.  The Twitter account for WIFIRE is  WIFIREProject.

Media Contacts

Doug Ramsey
Jacobs School of Engineering
858-822-5825
dramsey@ucsd.edu

Ioana Patringenaru
Jacobs School of Engineering
858-822-0899
ipatrin@ucsd.edu